Description

ATX-304 – Research Capsules for Laboratory Purposes (50 mg / capsule, 60 count)

Synthetic selective pan-activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mitochondrial modulator (O-304) in a solid analytical matrix for in vitro research on cellular energy sensing, GLUT4 transporter translocation, fatty acid oxidation stimulation, and metabolic reprogramming

Overview & Mechanism of Action (In Vitro)

ATX-304 (historically designated as O-304) is a potent synthetic small molecule engineered as a direct, allosteric pan-activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In cellular bioenergetics, experimental diabetology, and metabolic research, it serves as a primary reference standard for investigating signal transduction pathways governing metabolic stress responses, glucose handling, and lipid substrate flux across primary and immortalized cell lines:

• Direct Pan-Activation of the AMPK Enzymatic Complex: Protects the critical threonine residue (Thr172) on the catalytic α-subunit from dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), sustaining AMPK in its active, phosphorylated conformation without altering the baseline AMP/ATP ratio.
• Stimulation of GLUT4 Translocation & Glucose Utilization In Vitro: Engages the downstream AMPK-AS160 signaling cascade, promoting the recruitment and fusion of GLUT4 storage vesicles with the plasma membrane in skeletal myocyte and adipocyte cultures independently of the canonical insulin cascade.
• Suppression of Lipogenesis & Stimulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation (FAO): Induces direct phosphorylation and inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), reducing intracellular malonyl-CoA levels, relieving carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1) inhibition, and accelerating mitochondrial β-oxidation.
• Mitochondrial Modulation & Cytoprotection: Optimizes cellular oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and protects epithelial and cardiomyocyte cultures against oxidative damage and metabolic stress in vitro.

Technical & Chemical Specifications

• Classification: Selective Pan-AMPK Activator / Small Molecule Standard in Solid Matrix (RUO)
• Synonyms: O-304
• Chemical Name: 4-hydroxy-3-[4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)phenyl]-6-oxo-7H-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile (or structural analog of the O-304 class)
• Molecular Formula: C16H11Cl2N3O2S (analytical standard class)
• Molecular Weight: 380.25 g/mol
• Active Content: 50 mg per capsule (±2%)
• Packaging Unit: 60 research capsules in a laboratory container with integrated desiccant
• Form: Solid reagent matrix / encapsulated standard
• Component Identification: Verified via Analytical HPLC and Mass Spectrometry (MS / NMR)
• Recommended Reconstitution Protocol: Capsule contents are intended for dissolution in suitable laboratory solvents (e.g., DMSO for concentrated stock solutions or sterile laboratory assay buffers) to prepare calibrated working concentrations for in vitro cell testing.
• Storage Conditions: Store at 15–25 °C in a dry, dark environment in the tightly sealed original container with desiccant. For long-term archiving of analytical standards, storage at -20 °C is recommended.

Scientific References & Literature

• Hörnblad, A., et al. AMPK activator ATX-304 reduces oxidative stress and improves MASLD via metabolic switching. JCI Insight, 2025.
• Steneberg, P., et al. PAN-AMPK activator O304 improves glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular function in metabolic models. Communications Biology, 2018.
• Zhang, Y. D., et al. O304 is a mitochondrial modulator and AMPK activator extending cellular lifespan in vitro. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2025.
• Edén, A., et al. The AMPK activator ATX-304 alters cellular metabolism to protect against injury in primary epithelial cell cultures. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2024.

Legal Disclaimer & Terms of Purchase

This product is classified and supplied strictly for laboratory, scientific, and in vitro research purposes only (Research Use Only – RUO). Neither the compound nor the capsule matrix is a drug, medicine, dietary supplement, cosmetic product, or substance intended for human or veterinary consumption, oral ingestion, direct administration, injection, or diagnostic procedures.

By placing an order, the purchaser explicitly confirms that they are at least 18 years of age, possess the requisite professional qualifications and laboratory equipment to safely handle research materials, and are fully conversant with all relevant safety protocols for managing research substances. The seller assumes no liability for any use contrary to these terms.